The short version of REV-ERB fits in a sentence. The long version — which is the one that helps — is below.
This page was last updated on 2025-09-16 and is reviewed periodically as new material appears.
Regulatory treatment of SR9009 varies by country and region. It is not approved as a pharmaceutical, and several jurisdictions restrict its sale for human consumption. Some authorities classify it as a research chemical, a prescription-only substance, or a prohibited performance-enhancing agent in sport. Purchasers may encounter certificates of analysis, but these documents do not guarantee identity, purity, or legality. In research settings, institutional safety reviews and controlled procurement help ensure that materials are handled under appropriate oversight. The absence of harmonized rules means that legal status can change and requires verification.
Analytical identification of SR9009 typically relies on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. In biological samples, researchers first separate the compound from matrix components using protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction, or solid-phase extraction. High-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can support structural confirmation of reference materials. Because SR9009 is a small, relatively lipophilic molecule, reverse-phase columns and acidic mobile phases are common. Laboratories often include isotope-labeled internal standards to improve quantification and to correct for ion suppression.
Stability depends on physical form, temperature, light exposure, and solvent. Solid SR9009 is generally stored cold and dry, with protection from light to limit degradation. Dimethyl sulfoxide stocks are common for laboratory work, but repeated freeze-thaw cycles can reduce compound integrity. Aqueous solutions may be less stable than organic stocks, and the ethyl ester in the structure can be susceptible to hydrolysis under certain conditions. Researchers typically validate storage conditions and recheck purity before quantitative experiments, especially when using archived material.
Identity and purity of SR9009 samples are usually checked with chromatographic and spectrometric methods. High-performance liquid chromatography can separate the compound from related impurities, while mass spectrometry provides molecular mass confirmation. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy may be used for structural verification in research settings. No single method proves biological activity, and certificates of analysis should be reviewed alongside raw data. Independent testing is often needed because online products vary widely.
SR9009 stability depends on temperature, moisture, light, and solvent. Solid material is generally kept cool and dry, while solutions may require protection from repeated warming and cooling. Degradation can appear as color changes, precipitate, or new chromatographic peaks. Researchers should follow supplier instructions and their own stability data. Long-term storage conditions for human use have not been established because the compound lacks approved clinical formulation.
| Property | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Common synonyms | SR9009; Stenabolic | Nickname is not a chemical name. |
| Typical analytical method | LC-MS/MS | Often with isotope-labeled internal standard. |
| Storage temperature | -20 °C | Desiccated and protected from light. |
| Solution stability | DMSO stock; avoid freeze-thaw | Store at -20 to -80 °C. |
| Regulatory status | Not approved; varies by country | May be restricted as research chemical. |
The mechanism of action involves binding to REV-ERB receptors and recruiting corepressor complexes, which represses target gene transcription. This contrasts with many nuclear receptor agonists that activate transcription. Downstream effects may include changes in autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and lipid handling, but the precise pathways remain an active area of study. Whether these molecular events translate into meaningful physiological effects in humans is unresolved. Most evidence comes from cultured cells and rodent models rather than human participants.
SR9009 is a synthetic small molecule developed as an agonist of the nuclear receptors REV-ERBα (NR1D1) and REV-ERBβ (NR1D2). These receptors help regulate circadian rhythms and metabolic gene expression. In cell and animal studies, SR9009 alters transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism, inflammation, and mitochondrial function. It is not an approved medicine, and its pharmacological profile in humans remains largely uncharacterized. The compound is frequently discussed in the context of circadian biology and metabolic research rather than clinical use.
SR9009 is frequently discussed in fitness and research-chemical contexts, yet it has no approved medical indication. Regulatory agencies have not authorized it for human use, and it is not a standard prescription drug. Some sports organizations list it as a prohibited substance because of its potential performance-enhancing properties. Published human data are sparse, so claims about its effects in people often rely on animal models or anecdotal reports. Quality and identity of online materials can vary widely.
SR9009 is a synthetic small molecule studied as a REV-ERB agonist. REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ are nuclear receptors that help regulate circadian rhythms and metabolic gene expression. The compound was identified in academic screening efforts to find synthetic ligands for these receptors. In cell and animal studies, SR9009 alters transcription of genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism, and it can shift circadian behavior. It is not an approved therapeutic agent.
==== COVID-19 ==== Use of the intradermal BCG vaccine may provide protection against COVID-19. However, epidemiologic observations in this respect are ambiguous. The WHO does not recommend its use for prevention as of 12 January 2021. As of January 2021, 20 BCG trials are in various clinical stages. As of October 2022, the results are extremely mixed. A 15-month trial involving people thrice-vaccinated over the two years before the pandemic shows positive results in preventing infection in BCG-naive people with type 1 diabetes. On the other hand, a 5-month trial shows that re-vaccinating with BCG does not help prevent infection in healthcare workers. Both of these trials were double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A 2024 systmatic review of 12 RCTs reports that BCG does not help protect against COVID-19. Follow up of one of the BCG-COVID trials (BATTLE) shows positive results in preventing long COVID.
== Political positions == Immigration rates is a critical issue for supporters of Voice of Reason, whose party promotes closed controls and strict asylum criteria. The manifesto opposes granting citizenship to illegal migrants and emphasizes deportation for those without legal status. It also proposes bilateral agreements with culturally aligned countries for temporary labour needs. The demographic challenge is addressed through economic incentives for Greek families to have more children, such as no income tax for families of four or more children highlighting the importance of supporting large families while rejecting immigration as a long-term solution to population decline for reasons of avoiding ethnic Greek replacement in Greece. When it comes to matters concerning the legality of abortion, the party supports the current Greek laws, which restricts most abortion in the third trimester but allowing it for any and all cases in the first trimester and most cases for the second The party manifesto addresses LGBTQ+ issues by recognizing societal acceptance of LGBTQ+ individuals and opposing discrimination in housing, employment and government hiring, while at the same time firmly rejecting same-sex marriage, adoption rights, pride parades and the inclusion of progressive gender theories in public education. It frames traditional family structures, defined by binary gender roles, as essential for societal stability and child-rearing, arguing that these reflect both natural order and societal consensus.
=== Odor === Feces possesses physiological odor, which can vary according to diet and health status. For example, meat protein is rich in the amino acid methionine, which is a precursor of the sulfur-containing odorous compounds listed below. The odor of human feces is suggested to be made up from the following odorant volatiles:
=== Bulk measurement === Generally speaking bulk measurement instruments thermally vaporize the particles prior to ionization, and there are several different ways that the vaporization and ionization is performed. The main instrument that is used for bulk measurements is Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS).
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
This variation is often found in Purwokerto. The word mendoan originates in the Banyumas regional dialect, and means 'flash-fried'. The tempeh is first dipped in spiced flour before quickly frying in very hot oil, resulting in a product that is cooked on the outside, but raw or only partially so on the inside. It has a limp, soft texture compared to the more common, crisp, fully fried tempeh.
=== Vitamin E === Naturally occurring vitamers of vitamin E include tocopherols (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-) and tocotrienols ( α-, β-, γ-, and δ-). Many plant-based foods provide all eight naturally occurring vitamers of vitamin E in varying amounts from different sources. Tocopherols are more abundant in commonly consumed foods relative to tocotrienols. Fortified foods and dietary supplements predominantly contain vitamin E as α-tocopherol salts, most frequently as tocopheryl acetate or vitamin E acetate. The different naturally occurring vitamers of vitamin E are not interconverted in the body and have different metabolic effects. Newly absorbed vitamers of vitamin E are transported to the liver. The liver recognizes and preferentially re-secretes α-tocopherol into circulation, making it the most abundant vitamer of vitamin E in the blood. While tocotrienols are present in lower concentrations, they have more potent antioxidant properties than α-tocopherol and can have metabolic impacts at low concentration. Normal serum concentrations of α-tocopherol in adults ranges from 5 to 20 μg/mL.
vector Any DNA molecule used as a vehicle to artificially transport foreign genetic material into another cell, where it can be replicated and/or expressed. Vectors are typically engineered recombinant DNA sequences consisting of an insert (often a transgene) and a longer "backbone" sequence containing an origin of replication, a multiple cloning site, and a selectable marker. Vectors are widely used in molecular biology laboratories to isolate, clone, or express the insert in the target cell.
LEDs are made in different packages for different applications. A single or a few LED junctions may be packed in one miniature device for use as an indicator or pilot lamp. An LED array may include controlling circuits within the same package, which may range from a simple resistor, blinking or color changing control, or an addressable controller for RGB devices. Higher-powered white-emitting devices will be mounted on heat sinks and will be used for illumination. Alphanumeric displays in dot matrix or bar formats are widely available. Special packages permit connection of LEDs to optical fibers for high-speed data communication links.
Sarah Jane Cressall. Founder and Chief Executive Officer, The Creation Station. For services to Creativity in Education, Entertainment and Business. Thomas Daniel Critchley. Data Scientist, Prime Minister's Office. For services to Evidence-Based Policy. Dr. Ruth Louise Cromie. Research Fellow, Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust. For services to Wetland and Waterbird Conservation. Professor Adrian Michael Cruise. Emeritus Professor, University of Birmingham. For services to Space Science. Dr. Robert Nicholas Cullinan. Director, National Portrait Gallery. For services to Art. Laurence Alexander Cummings. Conductor, Harpsichordist, Music Director of the Academy of Ancient Music and the London Handel Festival, and William Crotch Professor of Historical Performance, Royal Academy of Music. For services to Music. Lynn Cummings, JP. Commercial Category Lead, Department for Work and Pensions. For Public Service. Professor William Cushley. Chair, Expert Committee on Pesticides. For services to the Regulation of Plant Protection Products. Dr. Dipankar Dutta. Chair, South Asia Voluntary Enterprise. For services to Charity. Roy Henry Dennis, MBE. Wildlife Conservationist. For services to Wildlife. Paul Anthony Denton. For services to Charity. Dr. Darrell Carmel De Souza. Lately Principal and Chief Executive Officer, Harrow College and Uxbridge College. For services to Further Education. Morag Deyes, MBE. Artistic Director, Dance Base, Edinburgh. For services to Dance. Angela Jane Charlotte Dickson, MBE. Co-Founder, The Brain Tumour Charity. For services to People with Brain Tumours.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
The most common approach is liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, often after extraction from blood, urine, or tissue. Ultraviolet detection and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy are used mainly for reference material characterization. Isotope-labeled internal standards improve accuracy.
Solid material is usually kept at -20 °C, desiccated, and protected from light. Dimethyl sulfoxide stocks should be stored cold and subjected to minimal freeze-thaw cycles. Aqueous solutions are generally less stable and should be prepared fresh when possible.
Legality depends on the country and the intended use. It is not an approved medicine, and some places restrict or ban sales for human consumption. Buyers should verify local rules and product documentation before procurement.
Laboratories commonly use liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to detect SR9009. The method can identify the compound and estimate concentration in a sample. Detection limits depend on the matrix and instrument.